情态动词will与would的用法

1. 表示意愿
will 表示现在的意愿，would表示过去的意愿。如：
I will pay you at the rate you ask. 我愿意照你要求的价钱付款。
Go where you will. 你愿到哪里就到哪里。
He wouldn’t help me yesterday. 他昨天不愿帮助我。
She asked if I would go with them. 她问我是否愿同他们一起去。
【注】(1)表示“意愿”的 will 有时可用于条件句中。如：
If you will allow me, I will see you home. 如果你同意，我可以送你回家。
(2) would也可表示现在的意愿，语气较委婉。如：
I’d go there with you. 我愿同你去那儿。
I wouldn’t go. 我不会去。
2. 表示征求意见或提出请求
主要用于第二人称的疑问句中，will和would均可用，would此时并不表过去，而表示委婉语气。如：
Won’t you take off your coat? 你要不要把大衣脱掉?
Will [would] you please post the letter for me? 请帮我寄了这封信好吗?
Would Sunday night suit you? 星期天晚上适合你吗?
【注】(1)有时为使语气委婉，可用否定式。总的说来，用would比用will委婉，用won’t和wouldn’t比单独用will和would要委婉。
(2) would有时用于提出想法，通常与like, love, hate, prefer, be glad, be happy等连用，若用于人称有时也可将would换成should。如：
I’d like [love] to have a look at it. 我想看看它。
I would prefer not to go out today. 我今天不想出去。
3. 表示习惯和倾向性
will表示现在的习惯，would表示过去的习惯。如：
Oil will float on water. 油总是浮在水上。
This window won’t open. 这扇窗户经常打不开。
He’ll talk for hours, if you let him. 你要让他讲cvy26xm，他会讲几个小时。
The wound would not heal. (过去)伤口老不愈合。
When he was a child, he would often go skiing. 他小时候经常去滑雪。
He would sit there for hours sometimes doing nothing at all. 有时他在那里一坐几个钟头，什么也不做。
【注】有时would表示经常发生的令人不耐烦的事。如：
That’s just like him—he would lose his keys! 他就是这样，老丢钥匙!
4. 表示推测
will用于谈论现在，would可用于谈论过去，也可用于谈论现在(语气较委婉)。如：
This car will hold six people. 这辆小汽车可以坐六个人。
Ask him. He will know. 问问他吧，他大概知道。
You wouldn’t know. 你不会知道。
Every family would have some sort of trouble. 家家都会有本难念的经。
The person you mentioned would be her father, is that right? 你提的那个人想必是她的父亲，对吗?
【注】有时可后接完成式，表示对过去可能已经发生的情况进行推测。如：
You will have heard of it. 你已经听到那事了吧。
I thought you would have finished it by now. 我想你现在可能已经做完了吧。精品课程来自：广州京翰教育 http://www.ji***/s-1134-index/